The independence movement: how did it
start and how did it develop?
This is one of the most important
phases of the American history, which led to the independence of the American
colonies from the metropolis. This supposed the first big defeat of Great
Britain after the Hundred Years’ War, as well as the beginning of what would be
the fall of the overseas British Empire. On the other hand, despite the human
loss that North America suffered (70,000), this meant their independence
towards the exterior and the beginning of a new era.
George’s III of the United Kingdom
reign (1760 – 1820) threatened the renovated colonists’ hopes that emerged with
the Treaty of Paris (1763), which established the British control over what
previously was French territory, as a consequence of the results of the Seven
Years’ War.
The
parliamentary group King’s Friends, supported by George III, set a series of highly
restrictive measures towards the American settlers’ rights. These measures, jointly
with some other proposals such as the Stamp Act (1765), were the precedent of a
series of turbulences that took place in Boston. All this tension in the relations with the
metropolis lead to the boycott of British products, as an answer to the
Townshend Acts (1767), which set up new taxes to American imports. The
separatist movement began to take shape in the form of the Common Sense
pamphlet (1776) by Thomas Paine, preparing the ground for an upcoming
revolution in order to proclaim the independence. Despite that, Great Britain
did not take any action to contain the growing independent sentiment that was
starting to flourish in North America (in the sense of more flexible measures).
Maintaining the tea’s taxes, ensuring the East India Company monopoly over the
product did not help at all, and it lead to the Boston Tea Party (1773). Colonists
attacked merchant ships as an answer to the British oppression over them. The
first continental Congress took place in 1774 in Philadelphia.
In April 18, 1775 the first
confrontation between the American troops and the Royal troops took place in
Lexington (Concord and Bunker Hill battles). It was the beginning of the American Revolutionary War (1775 - 1783).
For those interested in the topic, you can find more interesting information here:
www.ushistory.org
For those interested in the topic, you can find more interesting information here:
www.ushistory.org
